GOST 4364-81 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 4364-81 — "Приводы пневматические тормозных систем автотранспортных средств. Общие технические требования" (English: "Air drive lines for brake systems of vehicles. General technical requirements"). The standard defines general technical requirements, installation and functional rules for pneumatic brake drives and the pneumatic portions of combined (for example, pneumo‑hydraulic) brake systems for road vehicles.

Abstract

GOST 4364-81 sets safety, performance and installation requirements for pneumatic brake drive components and systems used on motor vehicles and trailers. It covers system types (one‑line, two‑line), energy accumulators, connector placement and coloration, automatic trailer braking on detachment, and provisions to ensure continued braking in case of partial failure. The standard was developed to ensure interoperability of vehicle and trailer brake interfaces and to specify minimum safety and reliability criteria.

General information

• Status: Superseded / withdrawn — replaced by GOST 4364-2020; original standard withdrawn 1 June 2021.
• Publication date: Approved 29 December 1981; came into force (date of introduction) 1 January 1982. (Amendments published later; editorial changes recorded 1 March 1988.)
• Publisher: Approved by the State Committee for Standards of the USSR (Gosstandart); published in editions by Izdatel'stvo Standartov (Moscow) in later compilations.
• ICS / categories: ICS 43.040.50 (brake systems of road vehicles); related classification codes include OKP/ОКП 45 3000.
• Edition / version: Original designation ГОСТ 4364-81 (1981); contains amendments (noted editorial change in 1988); later fully superseded by ГОСТ 4364-2020.
• Number of pages: Typical published text editions run about 8–9 pages depending on format and publisher.

Scope

The standard applies to pneumatic actuators, pipelines, connectors and associated pneumatic components used in the brake systems of motor vehicles and trailers for non-rail transport. It covers both dedicated pneumatic systems and the pneumatic portions of combined (pneumo‑hydraulic) brake drives, specifying functional, dimensional and safety requirements necessary to ensure effective braking performance, correct interfacing between towing vehicles and trailers, and automatic safety actions (for example, automatic trailer braking upon separation).

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions and classification of one‑line and two‑line pneumatic brake drives and combined systems.
• Performance requirements: braking efficiency, distribution of braking effort across axles, and requirements for continued braking in case of partial failures.
• Energy accumulator (reservoir) requirements, including pressure limits and provisions for manual or accessible cut‑off devices.
• Installation and routing rules for flexible hoses and piping to prevent damage during vehicle movement and coupling/uncoupling operations.
• Requirements for connector (coupling) types, placement and standard colour coding (e.g., black for single‑line, red for supply line of two‑line, blue for control line of two‑line systems) to ensure correct interconnection.
• Automatic safety functions such as automatic braking of trailers upon disconnection and requirements for serviceability and accessibility of control devices.
• Reference and normative links to related vehicle and component standards (brake performance standards, connector and coupling standards, installation dimensional standards, climatic and environmental requirements).

Typical use and users

Primary users include vehicle manufacturers (truck, bus, trailer and semi‑trailer producers), component and brake system suppliers, design and testing laboratories, certification bodies and maintenance organizations. The standard served as a normative reference for designers and engineers responsible for brake system integration, for regulators setting vehicle safety rules, and for workshops performing repairs and inspections of pneumatic brake systems.

Related standards

Key related and referenced documents include the earlier ГОСТ 4364-67 (superseded by 4364-81), the later ГОСТ 4364-2020 (which replaces 4364-81), and other vehicle brake and installation standards such as ГОСТ 22895 (brake performance/requirements), ГОСТ 2349 and ГОСТ 12105 (installation and coupling dimensions), and climatic/environmental standards like ГОСТ 15150. These related standards define complementary requirements for brake performance, connector dimensions and environmental durability.

Keywords

pneumatic brake drive; air brake; vehicle brake systems; trailer coupling; energy accumulator; connector colour coding; safety requirements; ГОСТ 4364-81; brake actuators.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 4364-81 is a Soviet (interstate) standard titled "Pneumatic drives of brake systems for motor vehicles. General technical requirements" that established functional, installation and safety requirements for pneumatic brake drives on road vehicles and trailers.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers one‑line and two‑line pneumatic brake systems and the pneumatic portions of combined systems, specifying performance criteria, installation and routing requirements, connector placement and colour coding, energy accumulator behavior, and safety features such as automatic braking on trailer separation.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Vehicle OEMs, component manufacturers, testing and certification bodies, maintenance and repair shops, and regulatory authorities use this standard as a technical reference for designing, producing and verifying pneumatic brake systems and trailer interfaces.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: GOST 4364-81 has been superseded — it was withdrawn and replaced by ГОСТ 4364-2020; the withdrawal took effect on 1 June 2021. For current compliance and up‑to‑date technical requirements, refer to the 2020 version.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It belongs to a family of vehicle‑related standards governing braking systems, connectors, installation dimensions and related safety topics; earlier and later editions (e.g., ГОСТ 4364-67 and ГОСТ 4364-2020) form the chronological series for this subject area. Normative cross‑references to other ГОСТs (for performance, coupling and environmental requirements) are included in the standard.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Pneumatic brake, air drive, trailer coupling, energy accumulator, brake actuator, connector colour coding, vehicle brake safety, ГОСТ 4364.