SNiP 2.02.01-83* PDF

Full title and description

СНиП 2.02.01-83* — "Основания зданий и сооружений" (SNiP 2.02.01-83*: Foundations of buildings and structures). National set of rules for investigation, design and assessment of soil bases, shallow foundations and related protective measures; later issued in an updated form as a set of rules (СП) that modernised the original СНиП provisions for current use in Russia.

Abstract

This document establishes requirements for planning and designing foundations and bearing soils for buildings and structures: classification of soils, geotechnical investigation requirements, allowable bearing capacities and settlements, calculation methods for shallow foundations, measures against subsidence and swelling, and recommended remedial and protective measures. It excludes several specialised categories (hydraulic structures, roads and airfields, permafrost soils, deep pile foundations and foundations for machinery with dynamic loads).

General information

• Status: Superseded/updated — the СНиП text was later issued as an updated set of rules (СП 22.13330.2016) and is treated as an outdated (non-current) normative base for new designs where the СП is applied; older projects and archival references may still cite the original СНиП.
• Publication date: original designation -83 (adopted in the 1980s; effective introduction commonly cited as 1985); amended/asterisked edition and later updates issued through the 1990s–2010s.
• Publisher: originally issued under the State construction authority of the USSR (Gosstroy / Госстрой СССР); updated editions and the modernised СП published/issued by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation (Минстрой России).
• ICS / categories: Civil engineering / foundations and earthwork classifications (examples include subcategories under 93.020 — foundations, earthworks and underground works).
• Edition / version: СНиП 2.02.01-83* (asterisked for amendments). The document was later published in an актуализированная редакция as СП 22.13330.2016.
• Number of pages: Typical commercial/archival PDF editions list approximately 52 pages (varies by edition and whether appendices are included).

Scope

Applies to the investigation, design and assessment of natural and engineered soil bases for newly constructed and reconstructed buildings and structures (including underground structures) in non-permafrost regions. The standard sets requirements for site investigation, determination of soil parameters, calculation of bearing capacity and settlements, selection of shallow foundation types and protective/remedial measures. It does not apply to design of hydraulic structures, roads and aerodromes, structures on permafrost, deep pile foundations and foundations of machinery subject to significant dynamic loads.

Key topics and requirements

• Geotechnical investigation: borehole spacing, sampling, in-situ and laboratory tests to characterise soils and groundwater conditions.
• Classification of soils and grouping for design purposes (identification of compressible, collapsible and swell-prone soils).
• Rules and formulae for calculating bearing capacity of shallow foundations and allowable stresses on soils.
• Procedures for computing and limiting settlements, including layered summation methods and recommendations for differential settlement control.
• Design measures for improving weak or problematic soils: compaction, soil replacement, drains, surcharge, grouting and other ground improvement techniques.
• Requirements and limits for foundation precast and cast-in-place footings, strip and mat foundations, and protective provisions for adjacent excavations.

Typical use and users

Used by geotechnical and structural engineers, foundation designers, construction companies, site investigation specialists, building code reviewers and educators. Historically used as a normative reference for projects in the USSR and post‑Soviet states; engineers consult it for legacy projects, comparison with modern СП requirements, and for understanding historical design assumptions.

Related standards

Key related and successor documents include СП 22.13330.2016 — "Основания зданий и сооружений" (Актуализированная редакция СНиП 2.02.01-83*), other SP/SNIP documents addressing earthworks and foundations (for example, СП 45.13330.* series on earth structures and foundations) and various GOST test methods referenced for soil testing. For contemporary design the СП documents (СП 22.13330.2016 and later) and relevant GOST standards are the applicable normative references.

Keywords

СНиП, SNiP, foundations, soil, bearing capacity, settlement, shallow foundations, geotechnical investigation, ground improvement, СП 22.13330.2016.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: СНиП 2.02.01-83* is a Soviet-era national set of rules for the investigation and design of foundations and soil bases for buildings and structures; it was widely used in the USSR and carried forward in amended form in post‑Soviet practice.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers geotechnical investigation requirements, soil classification for design, bearing capacity and settlement calculations for shallow foundations, recommended limits for deformations, and ground improvement and protective measures; it excludes hydraulic structures, roads/aerodromes, structures on permafrost, deep pile foundations and machine foundations with dynamic loads.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Geotechnical and structural engineers, designers of foundations, site investigation teams, contractors, and organisations dealing with legacy projects or comparative code studies. Regulators and educators also refer to it for historical and technical context.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: It has been updated and modernised; the актуализированная редакция is issued as СП 22.13330.2016, which is the contemporary set of rules used in design practice. СНиП 2.02.01-83* itself is treated as an older normative text and is superseded for new design work by the СП documents.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it belongs to the family of СНиП/СП standards dealing with foundations, earthworks and substructure design; related documents include other СНиП/СП items on earth structures, foundations and geotechnical practice and referenced GOST methods for testing soils.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Foundations, soil, bearing capacity, settlement, geotechnical investigation, ground improvement, СНиП, СП 22.13330.2016.